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Association of plasma heat shock protein 70 for discriminating mild cognitive decline based on clinical dementia rating categories.

Abstract

ISEI Abstract –Session theme number – 11

Abstract title – Association of plasma heat shock protein 70 for discriminating mild cognitive decline based on clinical dementia rating categories.

OGAWA K1, MAEBA R2, FUJIWARA Y3.

1School of Food and Nutritional Sciences; The University of Shizuoka; Shizuoka, Japan. 2School of Medicine; Teikyo University; Tokyo, Japan. 3Research Team for Social Participation and Health Promotion; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology; Tokyo, Japan.

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which refers to the symptomatic predementia phase of AD. MCI due to AD is distinct from age-associated memory impairment and age-associated cognitive decline, and can be considered as a subset of the non-dementia causes of cognitive impairment, which include head trauma, substance abuse, and metabolic disturbances. The concurrent use of a biomarker has the potential to greatly complement the information available for assessing MCI due to AD and its etiology. Biomarkers would reflect the biochemical changes related to the cascade of events that mediate neuronal damage or the response to damage in AD; these events include cell death, synaptic damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation. These biochemical changes do not directly reflect the pathology of AD because they provide no evidence of key proteins deposited in the brain during the course of AD, such as Ab and tau. Even so, biochemical changes, especially from peripheral blood, could be advantageous for use in a screening system for MCI due to AD and for the development of treatments such as exercise. This study was conducted to identify a plasma biomarker for the diagnosis of MCI, a precursor of AD, and examined the association of daily physical exercise in patients.

Methods

A mini mental status examination (MMSE) and blood tests for the measurement of six biomarkers of inflammation- C-reactive proteins (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) bAmyloid 1-42 (bA42) and brain derived nutrition factor (BDNF)- were performed on 54 MCI patients and 72 normal control subjects. The relationship between the clinical dementia rating (CDR) scores and biomarker levels were compared in MCI and control group patients, using Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curves (AUC).

Results

IL-6, Hsp70 and bA42 levels were significantly elevated in relation to cognitive status in MCI patients. Of all the biomarkers, the AUC was greatest for Hsp70.

Conclusion

Molecular chaperons are known as neuron protectors, which play roles in channeling proteins into the repair/refolding pathway, microglial activation, stimulation of phagocytosis and clearance of Ab42. We have examined the sensitivity and specificity of the molecular chaperons (i.e., heat shock proteins) for discriminating between the higher rate and the lowest rate of CDR group. The present study revealed that Hsp70 is a candidate biomarker for discriminating mild dementia.

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