MAXIMAL STRENGTH, MUSCLE AND TENDON ADAPTATIONS FOLLOWING DIFFERENT RESISTANCE TRAINING FOCUSED PROTOCOLS IN UNTRAINED MALES

Authors

T Ball
AA Olmos
DJ Lawson
LD Richardson
SA Sontag
BL Roth
S Jeon
AL Redinger
W Franklin
M Parodi
B Trask
MA Trevino

Abstract

Tristan Ball¹,Alex A. Olmos¹, Daniel J. Lawson¹, Lyric D. Richardson¹, Stephanie A. Sontag¹, Brenden L. Roth¹, Sunggun Jeon², Allen L. Redinger¹, Weston Franklin¹, Maria Parodi¹, Bryson Trask¹, & Michael A. Trevino¹

¹Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma; ²Northwestern State University, Natchitoches, Louisiana

PURPOSE: To determine if 6 weeks of strength (S) focused or combined strength and hypertrophy (SH) focused lower-body resistance training elicits divergent maximal strength, muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) of the vastus lateralis (VL), and patellar tendon thickness (PTT) adaptations in untrained males. METHODS: Twenty-seven healthy males (age: 24 ± 6 yrs) were randomized into the S (n = 13) or SH (n = 14) group. Before (PRE) and after training (POST), participants performed a one-repeition maximum (1RM) on a leg press device. In addition, mCSA of the VL at full extension (180⁰) and PTT at a 70⁰ knee flexion were obtained via ultrasonography. The S group completed 16 training sessions comprised of maximal voluntary isometric knee extensions on a dynamometer, followed by 3 sets at 90% 1RM for one repetition on a leg press device. The SH group performed the same training as the S group; however, they performed 3 additional sets at 45% 1RM for as many repetitions until they reported 2 repetitions left in reserve. The training load increased for both groups every two weeks. Separate two-way mixed factorial repeated measures ANOVAs (group [S vs. SH] x time [PRE vs. POST]) examined potential differences in 1-RM and PTT. An independent samples t-test examined mCSA change scores. When appropriate, follow-up analyses included paired and independent samples t-tests with Bonferroni corrections. RESULTS: For 1-RM, there was no two-way interaction (p = 0.328) or main effect for group (p = 0.978). There was a main effect for time (p < 0.001). 1-RM increased from PRE (599.48 ± 194.85 lbs) to POST (798.74 ± 235.73 lbs) collapsed across groups. For PTT, there was no two-way interaction (p = 0.884) or main effect for group (p = 0.995). There was a main effect for time (p = 0.002). PTT increased from PRE (0.42 ± 0.07 cm) to POST (0.45 ± 0.08 cm) collapsed across groups. For mCSA, change scores were greater for SH (Δ 4.62 ± 1.57 cm²) than S (Δ1.19 ± 0.65 cm²; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Maximal strength increased similarly between groups. Despite greater increases in mCSA for the SH group, the increase for PTT was similar between both groups. Therefore, PTT increases may be influenced by consistent high intensity loading more than hypertrophy.

Recommended Citation

Ball, T; Olmos, AA; Lawson, DJ; Richardson, LD; Sontag, SA; Roth, BL; Jeon, S; Redinger, AL; Franklin, W; Parodi, M; Trask, B; and Trevino, MA (2024) "MAXIMAL STRENGTH, MUSCLE AND TENDON ADAPTATIONS FOLLOWING DIFFERENT RESISTANCE TRAINING FOCUSED PROTOCOLS IN UNTRAINED MALES," International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings: Vol. 15: Iss. 4, Article 67.
Available at: https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/ijesab/vol15/iss4/67