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Aerobic and resistance exercises interfere in anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibody profile of pre-training C57Bl/6 mice in a model of experimental toxoplasmosis.

Abstract

Regular physical exercise has been implicated to improve general human health and to decrease susceptibility against many diseases, including those triggered by protozoan parasites. The aim of this work was to investigate whether pre-training could improve the susceptibility to Toxoplasma gondii by determining the antibody profile from IgM, IgGtotal, IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes produced by C57Bl/6 mice. A total of 30 male (23.7±1.09g) were used for this study. The animals were allocated in five groups (6 per group), as follows: i) non infected sedentary (NIS), ii) infected sedentary (IS), iii) non-infected exercised (NIEx), iv) infected exercised (IEx), v) infected exercised that stopped after 30 days infection (IEx+30). The animals were housed in an animal facility with a 12 h light/dark cycle (the lights were switched off at 7:00 a.m.) maintained at controlled temperature (22-24°C) with food and water provided ad libitum. The 6 week-old mice started exercising (NIEx, IEx and IEx+30) and two groups (NIEx and IEx) stopped 6.5 weeks later, then three groups were infected (IS, IEx and IEx+30) with 5 cists of T. gondii and 30 days later all five groups were euthanatized and blood was collected. We found no significant differences among all groups and negative control. We did a similar 5 cists infection in 6 week-old C57Bl/6 mice and we found a significant different using ELISA index among infected to non-infected and negative control. These data suggest that it is possible to increase the amount of cists when infection is carried out in older mice. In addition, we could observe that 50% of mice from the IEx+30 group and 16.7% from IEx presented up to 50% of IgG2a ELISA index when compared to all other groups of animal. As IgG2a is a characteristic antibody isotype induced by Th1 immune response in murine model, the most significant mechanism to control T. gondii infection, it can be concluded that the exercise it is important to improve protective immune response in this model, when compared to sedentary infected animals.

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