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THE EFFECTS OF INITIATING A 24-HOUR FAST WITH A LOW VERSUS A HIGH CARBOHYDRATE PROTEIN SHAKE ON BIOMARKERS OF GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN THE ELDERLY

Abstract

Landon Deru1, Elizabeth Gipson1, Benjamin Bikman2, James LeCheminant3, Larry Tucker1, Lance Davidson1, & Bailey Bruce1

1Brigham Young University, Dept of Exercise Science, Provo, Utah, 2Brigham Young University, Dept of Cellular Biology and Physiology, Provo, Utah, 3Brigham Young University, Dept of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Provo, Utah

PURPOSE: While multiple studies demonstrate the potential health benefits of fasting, the benefits may vary based on the foods used to initiate the fast. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the macronutrient composition of the fast-initiating meal on markers of glycemic control in older, sedentary adults with abdominal obesity. METHODS: Each of the 24 participants (13 male, 11 female) completed two 24-hour fasts (8:00 am to 8:00 am) separated by 6-10 days. Each fast was initiated with either a low carbohydrate protein shake or an isocaloric and isovolumetric high carbohydrate protein shake (592.13 ± 104.57 kcal). Venous blood was taken immediately prior to shake consumption, 1 hour after, and at 24 hours of fasting. Capillary beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), a measure of ketoacidosis, was measured in the same intervals with an additional reading at 4, 8, and 12 hours of fasting. Continuous glucose monitors were used to assess glucose patterns. RESULTS: A mixed effects model with repeated measures was used to assess the effects of the fasting conditions for insulin, glucagon, GLP-1 and GIP. Area under the curve analysis was used to assess differences in overall glucose and BHB concentrations between conditions. There was a significant condition-by-time interaction for insulin, glucagon and GLP-1 (pCONCLUSION:Intermittent fasting has received recent attention as a potential health-enhancing strategy. This study of older, sedentary adults with abdominal obesity showed that the macronutrient content of the pre-fasting bolus can influence the metabolic response during the fasting period. Beginning a fast with a low carbohydrate meal may enhance the benefits of nutritional ketosis and glycemic control. This may have implications for the use of intermittent fasting for older adults.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: Support provided by a mentoring environment grant from Brigham Young University.

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