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PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ACHILLES INJURIES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Psychological factors including psychosocial distress, negative affect, fear-avoidant behavior, low self-efficacy, and pessimism all contribute to an athlete’s suboptimal rehabilitation from an Achilles injury. PURPOSE: To assess the psychological impact Achilles rupture (ATR) has on patients to provide these individuals with holistic treatment that will optimize long-term outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Ovid, and Web of Science databases following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Broad search terms related to the psychological effects of ATR were used to capture relevant studies that assessed the psychological sequelae of this injury. RESULTS: A total of 427 participants were included in this study. Across the seven studies that met the inclusion criteria, 79.4% of participants were male and the average age ranged from 36.8 ± 11 to 65 ± 14 years. Of the 40% of athletes who did not return to sport, 75% cited fear of reinjury and 25% cited fear of having to rehabilitate again as reasons for not returning. The average Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) score decreased during rehabilitation from 35 at 3 months to 31 at 6 months to 27.5 at 12 months after ATR (p

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