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A COMPARISON OF SKINFOLDS TO DUAL ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY FOR BODY COMPOSITION ANALYSIS IN DIVISON 1 COLLEGIATE BASKETBALL PLAYERS

Abstract

Chelsey R. Gegg1, Jeremy T. Barnes1, Jason D. Wagganer1, Jeremy P. Loenneke2, William M. Miller3, Dhwani S. Soni1 & Ryan J. Johnson1. 1Southeast Missouri State University, Cape Girardeau, MO; 2University of Mississippi, University, MS; 3 University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO; e-mail: crgegg1@semo.edu

Body composition (BC) is a frequently assessed component of fitness in Division 1 collegiate athletes. Many different field methods are used to estimate BC but bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) or skinfolds (SKF) are typically utilized due to cost and ease of use.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the SKF method compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for estimating percent body fat (%fat) in Division 1collegiate basketball players.

METHODS: Participants’ %fat was estimated using the SKF method at the three sites recommended by Jackson and Pollock for males (thigh, abdomen and chest) and females (thigh, suprailiac, and triceps) compared to DXA, which served as the criterion estimate. Participants were 13 female and 11 male Division 1 collegiate basketball players age 19 (1) yrs., height 1.83 (0.14) m., body mass 81.1 (13.9) kg, and BMI 24.4 (3.9) kg/m2.

RESULTS: The validity of the SKF %fat estimate was based on a comparison to the criterion value from the DXA by calculating the mean, SD, coefficient of determination (r2), and standard error of estimate (SEE) from linear regression analysis. To assess the average deviation of individual scores from the line of identity, total error (TE) was calculated for the SKF estimate. A paired sample t-test determined paired-wise differences between measurements using an alpha level of 0.05. The mean %fat results were as follows: SKF [17 (10) %] and DXA [20 (11) %]. Significantly different means were observed for SKF (3%fat, p£0.001) when compared to DXA. The r2 value was .918; the SEE was 3.4 %fat; and total error (TE) value was 4.4 %fat. The results were similar when separated by sex.

CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the SKF estimate did not provide a valid estimate of body composition and underestimated %fat compared to the DXA estimate. Thus, the results suggest that SKF may not provide a valid estimate of %fat in Division 1 collegiate basketball players.

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