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ACUTE TIME COURSE RECOVERY OF PEAK POWER AFTER A HYPERTROPHIC BOUT OF BACK SQUATS IN ANAEROBICALLY TRAINED FEMALES

Abstract

Mitchel A. Magrini, Jessica A. Schnaiter, Ryan M. Thiele & Douglas B. Smith. Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK

Recovery is an important aspect of functional ability and athletic performance, specifically when activities require high levels of strength and/or power shortly after completing an acute resistance training protocol. Subsequently, previous authors have assessed prolonged (i.e., >1 - 24hrs) recovery of vertical jump (VJ) height performance. However, examining the time-course response of peak power (Pmax) during a countermovement vertical jump (CVJ) assessment may provide a more valuable insight into acute post exercise recovery through functional movements. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of a hypertrophic bout of back squats on recovery of Pmax measured by VJ performance. METHODS: Fourteen anaerobically trained (> 3 days . wk-1 of free-weight training 5.8 ± 3.8 years) college-aged females (mean ± SD: age = 21.5 ± 1.0 years; height = 166.2 ± 7.8 cm; mass = 71.6 ± 11.6 kg) volunteered for participation. Participants reported on two occasions separated by 7 ± 4 days. The first visit consisted of familiarization of testing procedures, and a one-repetition maximum (1-RM) of the back squat was determined. The second visit consisted of two CMJ before (Pre) a hypertrophic bout (5 x 8 at 80% 1RM) of free-weight back squats. Recovery was measured with two CMJs immediately after (Post0), 5 (Post5), 10 (Post10), 15 (Post15), and 20 (Post20) minutes following completion of the back squat exercise. To determine Pmax, a linear transducer was attached to the posterior portion of a belt secured around the participant’s waistline. Participants began in an upright position with feet shoulder width apart and hands positioned on the hips. Upon verbal command, participants initiated a downward countermovement followed by a vertical movement as explosively as possibly for all VJs. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze Pmax at all time intervals. RESULTS: Pmax was significantly lower at Post0 (P = 0.001), Post5 (P = 0.028), and Post20 (P = 0.006) compared to Pre. However, no differences were observed for all other time points (P=.443-1.000) (i.e., Post 10 and Post 15). CONCLUSION: The ability to produce maximal power after a hypertrophic squat protocol may be reduced ≤10 minutes following exercise with differential recovery patterns up to 20 minutes. These findings may be the result of muscular fatigue experienced from repeated high level contractions produced during the squat protocol. These findings may have important performance implications to the execution of explosive movements after completing fatiguing tasks. Therefore, future studies involving recovery in female populations are needed.

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