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A FLUID CONSUMPTION PATTERN BASED ON PLAIN WATER AND MILK IS ASSOCIATED WITH BETTER HYDRATION

Abstract

Adam D. Seal1, Dimitris Bougatsas2, Giannis Arnaoutis2, Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos2, Evan C. Johnson3, Jeanne H. Bottin4, Spiridoula Tsipouridi2, Stavros A. Kavouras1, FACSM 1University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR; 2Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; 3University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY; 4Danone Research, Palaiseau, France

Children consume various fluids in order to cover daily water needs. However, the contribution of different beverage categories to hydration is unclear. PURPOSE: To examine whether various fluid intake patterns are associated with hydration, as indicated by urine osmolality. METHODS: Two hundred and ten healthy Greek children (height: 1.49±0.13 m, weight: 43.4±12.6 kg, body fat: 25.2±7.8%), 105 girls and 105 boys, were asked to collect their urine for 24 hours while conducting normal daily activities. For two consecutive days they were instructed to record their fluid consumption using a provided fluid diary including type, amount, and time of fluid consumed. A trained nutritionist evaluated total water intake and categorized beverages into 6 drinking groups. Urine samples were analyzed for color, specific gravity, and osmolality. Factor analysis with the Principal Components method was applied to extract dietary patterns from 6 drinks or drinking groups. Linear regression analysis evaluated the associations between the extracted dietary patterns and hydration levels deriving from 24h urine osmolality. RESULTS: Component 1 was mainly characterized by consumption of milk and fresh juice but not packaged juice, component 2 by regular soda and other drinks but not water, component 3 by fresh juice and other drinks, component 4 by packaged juice but not regular soda, component 5 by water and milk and component 6 by fresh juice. Component 2 was positively correlated with high urine osmolality (P<0.001), whereas Component 5 was negatively correlated with urine osmolality (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: A fluid consumption pattern that features water and milk was associated with better hydration. Contrastingly, a drinking pattern featuring regular soda and other drinks but not water was associated with inadequate hydration.

Grant Funding: Danone Research, 91767 Palaiseau, France

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