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NO BONE ADAPTATION TO SHORT-TERM RESISTANCE TRAINING IN OLDER ADULTS

Abstract

Omid Nabavizadeh1, Elijah P. Martin1, and Ashley A. Herda1

1University of Kansas Edwards Campus, Overland Park, KS

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of different resistance training modalities on bone mineral content and density in older adults during short-term resistance training. METHODS: Fifty-seven males and females (mean±SD; age=66.5±7.09 yrs; height=165.2±10.6 cm; body mass=74.5±14.6 kg) volunteered to participate in this study. Participants underwent a total body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan for segmental and total body bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD). Participants were block randomized into one of three groups: elastic band resistance training (EBRT; n=24), dumbbell resistance training (DBRT; n=21), or control (CON; n=12). EBRT and DBRT groups trained twice weekly for 6-weeks and performed six functional exercises (chest press, bent-over row, squat, deadlift, overhead press, and upright row) while CON group maintained daily activity. Throughout the 6-weeks, participants completed a three-day dietary recall summary to determine nutritional status and were instructed to maintain their diet through the remainder of the study. Two-way (time [PRE vs POST] x group [EBRT vs DBRT vs CON]) repeated measures ANOVA were conducted. A pre-determined alpha of 0.05 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: For total body BMC, results indicated that there was no two-way interaction for time x group (p = 0.164, hp2 = 0.065), and no main effects for group (p = 0.401, hp2 = 0.033), or time (p = 0.385, hp2 = 0.014). Additionally, for total body BMD, there was no two-way interaction for time x group (p = 0.804, hp2 = 0.008), and no main effects for group (p = 0.395, hp2 = 0.034), or time (p = 0.093, hp2 = 0.051). CONCLUSION: Data suggests that short-term resistance training had no impact on bone. Previous studies suggest the impact of resistance training on bone adaptations occur after at least 4-months to see any significant changes.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This study was funded by the New Faculty General Research Fund by the University of Kansas Office of Research.

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