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Abstract

Participation rates in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) remain low within the United States, which challenges practitioners to consider alternative models of healthcare delivery. A mobile-Health (m-Health) communication platform has the potential to augment traditional modes of CR delivery. PURPOSE: This investigation conducted a scoping review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effectiveness of m-Health delivered CR interventions in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: PubMed and Embase were searched using a custom search string, including keywords such as “coronary artery disease”, “cardiac rehabilitation”, “mobile application” and “digital health”. The author, title and abstract of all identified studies were examined by two researchers. The review was limited to peer- reviewed RCTs published over a 10-year period beginning January 2014 and ending July 2024. Included were those investigations that used m-Health to deliver CR to patients with CAD and reported at least one objective measure of patient outcomes. RESULTS: The search yielded 203 studies, of which 29 met the study inclusion criteria. Studies originated in five world regions, including North America (n=4), Europe (n=12), Australia (n=5), Asia (n=6) and the Middle East (n=2). Fifty-two percent (n=15) were conducted between January 2021-April 2024. Interventions included those that delivered a specific exercise prescription (n=5), a combination of diet, stress and/or physical activity education (n=12), and studies which combined both approaches (n=12). Studies examined the efficacy of adding m-Health to home-based CR (n=22) and to center-based CR (n=4). CONCLUSION: m-Health CR research has been conducted in many countries with an accelerated frequency since the COVID-19 pandemic. Further analysis of the data is needed to describe the extent to which specific m-Health interventions improved patient outcomes and hospital readmission in this population.

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