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THE IMPACT OF AN ACUTE EXERCISE AND NUTRITION INTERVENTION ON ADVERSE POSTPRANDIAL METABOLIC OUTCOMES

Abstract

Lexi J. Ater, Ellie K. Plantz, Turner D. Manning, Elizabeth S. Edwards, FACSM, Jeremy D. Akers, Stephanie P. Kurti. James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.

Background: Postprandial metabolic responses have been shown to be a better predictor of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular disease risk compared to fasting levels alone. Even a single high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal (HFHCM) results in adverse triglyceride (TRG), glucose (GLU), and metabolic load index (MLI; summation of TRG and GLU) in older adults (OA). Existing research suggests that either acute postprandial exercise (EX) or a high-polyphenol nutritional intervention may attenuate the adverse postprandial responses, however there is no study assessing the combined effect of a minimally processed, high-polyphenol and EX intervention in OA. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether a nutrition intervention in combination with acute exercise alters postprandial TRG, GLU and MLI more than either intervention alone. Methods: In a randomized crossover design, OA (n=10, 4 M/6 F, 57 ± 6.9 years) completed the following 4 conditions: (1) traditional HFHCM (T-HFHCM) alone, (2) T-HFHCM + EX, (3) a HFHCM with polyphenols (P-HFHCM) alone, (4) a P-HFHCM + EX. Participants consumed 12 kcals/kg BW in all HFHCM conditions. The P-HFHCM was created by a dietitian to be matched in fat and CHO content to the T-HFHCM (~58% saturated fat, ~38% CHO, ~33g added sugar). EX was performed 30 mins after the pie was consumed and consisted of walking at a self-selected speed and grade to expend 25% of the kcals consumed from the HFHCM (~30 mins EX/participant). Blood GLU and TRG were measured at baseline, 30, 60, 90 mins, and every hour for 6 hours post-prandially. Results: There was a significant increase in TRG, GLU and MLI post-HFHCM (p’s > 0.05), which was attenuated by EX similarly in the T-HFHCM + EX and P-HFHCM + EX conditions (p < 0.001) without any impact of the meal intervention alone (p = 0.180). Interestingly, there was a time*condition interaction for TRG and MLI, where the P-HFHCM, P-HFHCM+ EX and T-HFHCM + EX all had a significant and similar attenuation of TRG compared to the T-HFHCM alone (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A HFHCM intervention combined with EX lowers postprandial GLU and TRG more than a T-HFHCM, however increasing polyphenol content elicits similar TRG reductions as completing postprandial EX alone. Still, because GLU reductions were not seen in the P-HFHC alone, there is justification to encourage OA to consume high polyphenol meals and engage in postprandial EX.

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