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VARIATIONS IN COPEPTIN AND CORTISOL ARE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH AD-LIBITUM BREAKFAST CONSUMPTION

Abstract

Mitchell E. Zaplatosch1, Jesse N.L. Sims1, Hannah R. Koch1, David A. Messer1, Travis Anderson2, Laurie Wideman, FACSM1, William M. Adams, FACSM2, Jessica McNeil1. 1University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC. 2United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, Colorado Springs, CO.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic elevations in cortisol are associated with preference for foods with higher fat and sugar content, which may contribute to higher energy intake (EI). Chronic underhydration has been associated with greater risk for obesity and elevated resting cortisol concentrations. However, the influence of elevated copeptin, indicative of underhydration, on cortisol responses and subsequent EI remains largely unknown. This study explored the effects of variations in copeptin and cortisol on energy and macronutrient intake during an ad-libitum breakfast. METHODS: Ten healthy adults (10% female; Age, 25±4 y; Height, 177.9±7.4 cm; body mass, 75.8±13.8 kg; body fat, 13.5±7.1%) received an ad-libitum breakfast with a variety of food items on two separate occasions the morning after sleeping in temperate (TTEMP, 25°C, 30% RH) and hot (THOT, 30°C, 30% RH) environmental conditions, in a randomized order. Blood and saliva were collected immediately prior to the ad-libitum breakfast (45 minutes post-awakening), analyzed for serum copeptin (COP) and salivary cortisol (CORT), respectively. Separate random-intercept linear mixed-effects models assessed the effects of individual mean-centered copeptin and salivary cortisol concentrations on ad-libitum energy and macronutrient intake at breakfast, controlling for condition. RESULTS: CORT concentration (p=0.84), COP concentration (p=0.84), EI (p=0.25), and protein (p=0.62), fat (p=0.53), and carbohydrate (p=0.239) consumption did not differ by condition. Within-person changes in copeptin or cortisol were not associated with EI or macronutrient intake [kcals: βCOP = 20.38, [-35.93, 76.79], p = 0.463], βCORT = -14.02, [-33.68, 5.64], p = 0.17, protein: βCOP = -0.15 [-2.74, 2.45], p = 0.91, βCORT = -0.37, [-1.28, 0.53], p = 0.41; carbohydrates: βCOP = 4.90 [-4.25, 14.0] p = 0.29, βCORT = -1.34, [-4.53, 1.86], p = 0.398; fat βCOP = 0.24 [-3.70, 4.19], p = 0.90) βCORT = -0.78, [-2.16, 0.59], p = 0.26, when controlling for condition. CONCLUSIONS: Variations in morning cortisol and copeptin were not associated with ad-libitum energy or macronutrient intake during breakfast. Future studies that impose perturbances in these hormones on subsequent eating behaviors and EI are needed to provide causal evidence.

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