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COMPARISON OF A.I. DERIVED HEART RATE VARIABILITY TO A PREVIOUSLY VALIDATED HEART RATE VARIABILITY ASSESSMENT

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Heart rate variability (HRV) has become a useful measure to assess autonomic function and is becoming a common measure provided by devices available to the consumer. One such device utilizes artificial intelligence (A.I.) to analyze and provide HRV data to the owner. Whether this device provides accurate measures of HRV is not clear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess whether the HRV metrics made with the Wellue 24-hour electrocardiography device with A.I. analysis is similar to those from a well-validated method of HRV assessment. METHODS: Eleven individuals [age = 37.2 ± 20.7 yr.; height = 170.3 ± 9.5 cm; weight = 69.7 ± 11.3 kg; BMI = 24.1 ± 4.3] completed a 20-minute, supine resting HRV assessment while wearing both the Wellue and a Polar H10 heart rate monitor around their torso. R-R data measured by the Polar monitor was captured using the Elite HRV application and HRV analysis was performed using Kubios Standard (version 3.5.0) software. To minimize the impact of respiration on HRV, subjects breathed at a standard rate of 12 breaths per minute, utilizing a metronome. RESULTS: The Wellue reported a higher minimum heart rate compared to Kubios (59.3 ± 8.6 vs. 57.2 ± 8.4 for Wellue and Kubios, respectively; P = 0.006), a higher resting standard deviation of N-N intervals (SDNN) (70.2 ± 32.2 vs. 57.6 ± 32.4, P = 0.006), a higher natural log transformed very low-frequency power (VLFLog) (7.03 ± 1.86 vs. 3.78 ± 0.86, P <0.001), and a lower baseline width of the R-R interval histogram (TINN) (32.1 ± 121 vs. 338.1 ± 141.6, P <0.001). There was no difference in the other reported HRV variables between methods. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that A.I. derived HRV via the Wellue device showed good agreement to a well-validated method of HRV assessment with some metrics, and divergent findings in other. More research with a greater sample size and across a broad range of individuals is needed to further elucidate the validity of the Wellue device.

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