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THE EFFECTS OF A DIGITAL DIABETES PREVENTION PROGRAM ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIET

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Modest weight loss is the cornerstone of diabetes prevention programs (DPP); however, few DPPs report changes in physical activity and diet claimed to induce weight loss. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate physical activity and diet changes among digital DPP users relative to a comparison group. METHODS: In the Preventing Diabetes with Digital Health and Coaching for Translation and Scalability (PREDICTS) randomized control trial, 599 individuals with prediabetes were randomized to a digital DPP or a group education class/comparison group. The digital DPP provided weekly educational curriculum, lifestyle coaching, virtual peer support, and behavior tracking tools. The self-reported Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Starting the Conversation (STC) food intake questionnaires were collected at baseline, 4- and 12 months. Linear mixed effects models assessed changes in physical activity and diet from baseline to 4 and 12 months. Post hoc analyses using proportional models assessed changes in individual STC items. RESULTS: The digital DPP produced significant reduction in body weight (-5.5% vs. -2.1%, p<0.001) at 12 months. The DPP group significantly increased physical activity (80.4 vs. 44.6 minutes/week, p=0.008) and improved food intake (-2.3 vs -1.4, p<0.001) post-intervention. At 4 and 12 months, the DPP group was less likely to consume more processed snacks, sweets and fats relative to the comparison group (Odds Ratios = 1.33 - 1.61, ps < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The digital DPP improved physical activity and dietary behavior for individuals with prediabetes.

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