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EFFECTS OF BADMINTON ON BILATERAL STATIC BALANCE FOR YOUNG ADULTS WITH INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an inclusive badminton intervention on static, bilateral balance in young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and typical developing (TD) young adults. METHODS: 8 participants (4 IDD-BADM and 4 TD-BADM) participated in a 12-week inclusive badminton intervention, with the other 8 participants as matched controls (4 IDD-CONTR and 4 TD-CONTR) (74.19kg ± 9.8kg, 171.96cm ± 5.4cm; 21.7 ± 1.8 years of age). The study followed a repeated measures design (pre, mid, post) before the intervention, at 6 weeks, and after 12 weeks. Static balance conditions included eyes open, bilateral stance (EO) (20s) on a force plate. Center of pressure (COP) sway variables included: average anterior/posterior (A/P) displacement (in), average medial/lateral (M/L) displacement (in), average 95% ellipsoid area (EA) (in2), and average velocity (AV) (ft/s), and average length (in). Post-hoc comparisons were performed using a Greenhouse-Geisser correction with p < 0.05. The badminton group followed the Special Olympics Badminton Skills protocol and was designed as a bi-weekly 50-minute, inclusive adapted badminton class, including 24 sessions. RESULTS: Significant group x time interactions were reported for IDD-BADM for average velocity and average length. Average velocity post-hoc comparisons revealed greater decreases in COP average velocity for IDD-BADM pre-test to post-test (p= 0.030), improving in balance performance when compared to IDD-CONTR. Similar results were reported with greater decreases in average length from pre-test to post-test (p =0.028) where IDD-BADM continued to improve balance measurements when compared to IDD-CONTR. In badminton, constant shifting of the center of gravity with asymmetrical upper body actions challenges and trains the postural control system by continuously integrating and organizing sensory information. Even though dynamic balance movements were utilized, static balance, like during the EO condition, was also being challenged during the intervention. No significant main effects for time, group, nor significant group x time interactions were found for average displacement in the A/P or M/L directions and 95% ellipsoid area for the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: An inclusive, adapted badminton program could be an alternative balance training program for individuals with IDD.

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