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DOES PRESERVATION OF RMR WITH WEIGHTED VEST USE HELP WITH WEIGHT LOSS MAINTENANCE?

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Weight regain after weight loss is a substantial problem in obesity therapeutics. Recent provocative evidence points to mechanical loading as a signaling mechanism for the body defending its weight and may represent an intervenable target to promote successful weight loss maintenance. The primary purpose of this project is to explore whether maintaining gravitational loading during intentional weight loss results in less regain of body mass following treatment. Secondarily, we aim to explore whether change in resting metabolic rate (RMR) during active weight loss is correlated with subsequent weight regain.METHODS: 18 older adults (70.4±3.1 years, 83% women, 78% white) living with obesity (body mass index [BMI]: 35.2±2.8 kg/m2) participated in a six-month weight loss intervention where half (n=9) were assigned to caloric restriction plus 8 hours/day weighted vest use and the other half (n=9) were assigned to caloric restriction only. Total body weight and RMR were collected at baseline and 6 months, with an additional weight measurement taken at 24 months. Body weight and RMR change estimates come from a mixed model containing treatment group, visit, treatment group by visit interaction, and baseline measure of the outcome. RESULTS: Average 6-month body weight change was -11.2 kg (-14.6, -7.7) and -10.3 kg (-13.7, -6.8) for the caloric restriction plus weighted vest and caloric restriction only groups, respectively (p=0.71). By 24 months, weight change from baseline was -4.8 kg (-9.6, 0.1) and +0.9 kg (-3.9, 5.8) for the caloric restriction plus weighted vest and caloric restriction only groups, respectively (p=0.10). Average 6-month RMR change was -16.3 kcal (-100.8, 68.2) and -237.5 kcal (-321.9, -153.0) for the caloric restriction plus weighted vest and caloric restriction only groups, respectively (p<0.01). At 24 months, RMR returned to baseline for both groups. Amount of weight regained tended to correlate with change in RMR during active weight loss (r=-0.39; p=0.11). CONCLUSIONS: 18 months following a successful weight loss intervention, participants assigned to caloric restriction-only fully regained lost weight; however, participants assigned to caloric restriction plus weighted vest use regained half of lost weight. Change in RMR during active weight loss was modestly and inversely associated with weight change during the follow up period.

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