A Family History of Type 2 Diabetes May Impair Glucose Area Under the Curve in Young, Healthy Hispanics

Authors

Cesar Meza, The University of Texas at El PasoFollow
Manuel Amador, The University of Texas at El Paso
Mario Garcia, The University of Texas at El Paso
Christopher Figueroa, The University of Texas at El Paso
Andrew McAinch, Victoria University
Sudip Bajpeyi, The University of Texas at El PasoFollow

Abstract

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with impaired glucose homeostasis and blood lipid profiles. Further, a family history of diabetes (FH) increases the risk for development of insulin resistance. However, it is unclear whether a FH impairs glucose tolerance, blood glucose and lipid profiles in young, healthy, normoglycemic adults. PURPOSE: To investigate whether a FH impairs glucose tolerance and blood lipid profile in healthy, sedentary Hispanic males. METHODS: 22 sedentary, normoglycemic, Mexican American males (mean±SEM: age:23±0.56 yrs; BMI: 26.9±0.98 kg/m²) with/without FH participated in the study. Glucose tolerance was assessed by calculating glucose area under the curve (AUC) following an oral glucose tolerance test. Participants were fed a 5-day standardized diet (55/15/30% Carbohydrate/Protein/Fat) before testing. Serum was collected for analysis of blood glucose and lipid panels by a diagnostic center (Lab Corp, Burlington, NC). RESULTS: AUC was significantly greater in individuals with a FH compared to individuals without FH (FH- vs FH+: 311.91±7.30 vs 355.35±11.91 AU; p=0.008). Fasting glucose (75.9±2.07 vs 79.1±2.85 mg/dL; p=0.40) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (2.64±0.48 vs 1.81±0.19 AU; p=0.26) were not different between groups. There was no difference in fasting insulin between groups. Lastly, no differences in total cholesterol (p=0.18), triglycerides (p=0.28) or LDL cholesterol (p=0.24) were detected regardless of FH. CONCLUSION: Fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (measured by HOMA-IR), and lipid profiles were not different between individuals with and without a FH. However, glucose AUC may be an early indicator of risk for developing insulin resistance in young adults with a family history of type 2 diabetes, despite an otherwise normal clinical health status.

Recommended Citation

Meza, Cesar; Amador, Manuel; Garcia, Mario; Figueroa, Christopher; McAinch, Andrew; and Bajpeyi, Sudip (2018) "A Family History of Type 2 Diabetes May Impair Glucose Area Under the Curve in Young, Healthy Hispanics," International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings: Vol. 2: Iss. 10, Article 34.
Available at: https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/ijesab/vol2/iss10/34