Influence of Diet on Metabolic Physiology in People with and without a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes

Authors

Smaran Marupudi, University of Texas, Rio Grande ValleyFollow
Yu Lun Tai, University of Texas, Rio Grande ValleyFollow
Gabriel Figueroa, University of Texas, Rio Grande ValleyFollow
Saraswathy Nair, University of Texas, Rio Grande ValleyFollow
Jimmy Gonzalez, University of Texas, Rio Grande ValleyFollow
Emily Cisneros, University of Texas, Rio Grande ValleyFollow
Ryan D. Russell, University of Texas, Rio Grande ValleyFollow

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence in the Rio Grande Valley is ~27% versus the 9% national average. Simply having a family history (FH+) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases T2D prevalence by ~40 over those with no family history (FH-). We have shown that FH+ display early markers of cardiometabolic impairment vs FH-, such as blunted microvascular reactivity, and impaired metabolic flexibility. What is not yet known is the degree to which environment vs genetics may contribute to these impairments. PURPOSE: This pilot study seeks to examine normal dietary patterns between FH groups to identify potential patterns in macro- and micro-nutrient consumption that may help explain differences in metabolic function. METHODS: Thirty-three healthy individuals, including 10 FH+ and 23 FH- (26 ± 7; 24 ± 5 yrs respectively) participated in this study. Anthropometrics were assessed at rest. One-way ANOVA was used to determine group differences. Three-day food questionnaires were given to subjects prior to testing. Amino acid, Vitamin B3 & B6, water, and caffeine levels were measured. RESULTS: Compared to FH-, FH+ had higher (p<0.05) consumption of caffeine (151.54 ± 44.0mg vs 34.83 ± 11.63mg), water (1264.76 ± 713.30g vs 770.08 ± 504.16g), Vitamin B3 (30.35 ± 22.35mg vs 19.99 ± 12.92mg), B6 (2.43 ± 1.45mg), Histidine (2.56 ± 2.18g), Lysine (6.60 ± 5.84 vs 3.72 ± 2.72g), and Methionine (2.18 ± 1.77 vs 1.33 ± 0.94 compared to FH-, with no differences noted in total energy intake between groups. CONCLUSION: Differing nutritional intake noted between FH groups is a potential confounding factor in the development of T2D in FH+ of the RGV and warrants further study.

Recommended Citation

Marupudi, Smaran; Tai, Yu Lun; Figueroa, Gabriel; Nair, Saraswathy; Gonzalez, Jimmy; Cisneros, Emily; and Russell, Ryan D. (2021) "Influence of Diet on Metabolic Physiology in People with and without a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes," International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings: Vol. 2: Iss. 13, Article 66.
Available at: https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/ijesab/vol2/iss13/66