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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROTEIN INTAKE, BODY COMPOSITION, AND PERFORMANCE IN COLLEGIATE DANCERS ACROSS AN ACADEMIC SEMESTER

Abstract

S.R. Smith, S. Brooks, M. Meenan, A.F. Brown

University of Idaho, Moscow, ID

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between protein intake, body composition, and performance in a collegiate dance population across a single semester. METHODS: Female (n=14) and male (n=2) collegiate dancers (age:19.7±1.7 years) completed three testing sessions (pre, mid, post) during the fall 2017 semester examining diet, body composition, and performance. Participants consumed a nutrition bar (205 kcal, 13g fat, 10g carbohydrate, 13g protein) one hour prior to each testing session. Testing sessions included completion of a 3-day food log (two weekdays and one weekend day), anthropometric measurements (APEX Deteco, Webb City, MO), dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan (DEXA, Horizon Hologic, Marlborough, MA) and a series of performance tests. Food logs were analyzed using Food Processor (ESHA, 10.13.1, Salem, OR). Statistical analyses were completed using SPSS Statistics (v. 24) and data were reported as mean±SD. Protein intake was equally divided into low, moderate, or high intake (LP:<1.03 g/kg, MP: 1.031-1.6 g/kg, HP: >1.61 g/kg). Significance was accepted at p<0.05. RESULTS: Data thus far (pre and mid) indicate no significant changes (p>0.05) in dietary intake or body composition from pre to mid testing. At pre and mid testing participants’ weight (68.2±13.0 kg; 64.6±21.4 kg, respectively; p=0.948) and BMI (24.0±4.2 kg/m2; 23.3±7.4 kg/m2, respectively; p=0.960) were not different. When divided into equal protein categories, significance was observed in FM (%) and LM (%) between LP and HP (LP: 37.8±3.0, HP: 27.9±5.6; p=0.001; LP: 58.5±3.8, HP: 68.5±5.3; p=0.001, respectively) and MP and HP (MP: 33.7±5.6, HP: 27.9±5.6; p=0.047; MP: 62.7±5.1, HP: 68.5±5.3; p=0.042, respectively). There were no time differences in performance tests (p>0.05), however vertical jump and maximum pushups to fatigue were different when comparing LP and HP (LP: 16.0±1.0, HP: 19.2±3.7; p=0.037; LP: 5.6±7.8, HP: 22.2±8.0; p=0.001, respectively) and MP and HP (MP: 15.4±2.3, HP: 19.2±3.7; p=0.015; MP: 8.3±9.7, HP: 22.2±8.0; p=0.006, respectively). CONCLUSION: Although there are no time differences thus far, it can be concluded that collegiate dancers’ body composition and performance is significantly different based on dietary protein intake.

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