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MIXED-METHOD ANALYSIS OF AN AFTERSCHOOL PROGRAM USING SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY TO INCREASE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

K Ridder
K Rice

Abstract

K. Ridder, K. Rice

Eastern Oregon University, La Grande, OR

Physical activity (PA) is effective in preventing disease, improving mood, and is vital for adolescent health. Outdoor activities and after-school programs are important factors that influence health behaviors such as PA. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to increase PA, self-efficacy and other Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) constructs through an outdoor based after-school program. METHODS: Get Outside-After School Activity Program (GO-ASAP), a 20-wk (2d·wk-for150-180 mins) PA program designed to increase lifestyle PA and self-efficacy. Participants (N=36) were recruited from a local middle school. A Social Cognitive Theory questionnaire was given to students on weeks 1, 10 and 20 of a 20-week program. Data is presented from year one and two of the program. Focus groups were conducted on week 20 of each year to assess self-confidence and enjoyment. RESULTS:Participants (male= 20, female= 16) were 12.9 years of age at baseline. From baseline to post data no statistically significant results were found in the SCT constructs: barriers (p=0.25), self-management (p=0.34), enjoyment of PA (p=0.30), perceived barriers to PA (p=0.35), outcome expectancy value (p=0.22), perceived importance of outcome expectancy (p=0.49), social support-friends (p=0.41), social support-family (p=0.47). Five themes emerged from the first-year focus group: (1) students liked participating in the GO-ASAP, (2) students learned new skills and activities while exercising outdoors, (3) participation in the GO-ASAP had a positive effect on confidence and self-esteem, (4) Participation in the GO-ASAP had a positive effect on life-long commitments to fitness, and (5) there is a positive interaction between students and GO-ASAP leaders. Second year focus group data is currently under analysis. CONCLUSION:Results show that outdoor-based PA programs may yield small effects in SCT Constructs. Additional research with larger sample sizes is needed to fully investigate the efficacy of these findings. The need for outdoor after-school programs should continue to be explored.

Supported by The OHSU Knight Cancer Institute Community Partnership Program and STEM Beyond Schools.

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