Publication Date
Summer 2016
Advisor(s) - Committee Chair
Sharon Mutter (Director), Steven Haggbloom, and Andy Mienaltowski
Degree Program
Department of Psychological Sciences
Degree Type
Master of Science
Abstract
The feature positive effect (FPE) is a phenomenon in discrimination learning by which learning occurs more quickly when the presence (Feature positive; FP), rather than absence (Feature negative; FN) of a stimulus indicates a response should be made. Although the FPE has been extensively corroborated, a reversal, or feature negative effect (FNE), has been found when a target stimulus comes from a smaller set of stimuli (Fiedler, Eckert, & Poysiak, 1988). Age differences in FP and FN learning indicate that older adults perform more poorly than young adults on both FP and FN tasks, and are likely related to decline in working memory (WM) throughout adulthood (Mutter, Haggbloom, Plumlee, & Schrimer, 2006). This study used a successive discrimination task to compare young and older adults’ performance across FP and FN conditions under low (three of a set of four stimuli were presented) and high (three of a set of six stimuli were presented) information load (IL). Results from rule articulation, final incorrect and 12 consecutive trials correct did not support the hypotheses, but trend analyses provided partial support. Under low IL, YA demonstrated a FN response bias whereas OA showed no bias. Under high IL, YA and OA demonstrated equivalent performance whether the target stimulus was present or absent in the FP condition. In the FN condition OA performed better when the target stimulus was absent while YA showed no bias. These findings indicate FN task performance varies by age and this variation changes based on IL condition.
Disciplines
Cognitive Psychology | Developmental Psychology | Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Recommended Citation
Brown, Morgan E., "Effects of Age, Task Type, and Information Load on Discrimination Learning" (2016). Masters Theses & Specialist Projects. Paper 1648.
https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1648
Included in
Cognitive Psychology Commons, Developmental Psychology Commons, Experimental Analysis of Behavior Commons