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DEEP INSPIRATIONS ATTENUATE POSTPRANDIAL AIRWAY INFLAMMATION IN NON-ASTHMATIC ADULTS: A RANDOMIZED CROSSOVER STUDY

Abstract

Stephanie P. Kurti1, Joshua R. Smith, Sara K. Rosenkranz2, Kayla Jurrens1, Anna Laughlin1, Craig Harms, FACSM1. 1Department of Kinesiology, Manhattan, KS 2Department of Human Nutrition, Manhattan, KS

PURPOSE: Exhaled nitric oxide increases after a single high-fat meal (HFM). However previous research suggests that exercise, causing repeated airway stretch due to high ventilation rates, can modify airway inflammation. Yet the research investigating the impact of physical activity on airway inflammation is conflicting and may depend on 1) airway stretch independent of whole body exercise, and 2) initial levels of airway inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether deep inspirations (DI’s: airway stretch to total lung capacity) would attenuate airway inflammation post-HFM. A secondary purpose was to determine the effect of DI’s on inflammation in a subgroup of subjects with high initial airway inflammation. METHODS: A randomized cross-over design with eighteen college-aged subjects was used (healthy eNO: 7F/7M; high eNO 3M/1F). Following an initial assessment, all subjects completed both a control (CON) and a deep inspiration (DI) condition. In both condition, subjects performed baseline testing after a 12-hour fast in the following order; airway impedance; standard pulmonary function tests (PFTs), exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). Following these tests, baseline blood lipids and glucose were assessed. Subjects then had 20 minutes to consume the HFM. In DI, subjects performed 60 DI’s to total lung capacity (1 DI every 6 seconds) after fasting baseline testing, which were immediately followed by the HFM. The same experimental measurements at baseline were collected at 2 and 4 hours post-HFM in both conditions. RESULTS: Blood lipids and glucose increased significantly in both conditions (CON, p=<0.001; DI, p=0.046) with no significant difference between the healthy and high eNO subgroups (p>0.05). Pulmonary function and airway impedance did not significantly change in either condition or between groups (healthy versus high eNO) (p>0.05). There was a significant increase in eNO in healthy eNO subjects (CON: ~3ppb at 2 hours; DI ~2.5 ppb at 4 hours), and in high eNO (CON: ~9 ppb at 2 hours; p=0.027). However DI’s abolished the increase in the high eNO subgroup (~6 ppb decrease at 2 hours; p=0.319). CONCLUSION: In subjects with healthy eNO levels, DI’s did attenuate the initial rise in eNO post-HFM. In high eNO, DI’s abolished airway inflammation post-HFM.

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