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ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN COUNTERMOVEMENT JUMP PERFORMANCE AND BODY COMPOSITION IN FEMALE ATHLETES

Abstract

Lindsey T. Legg1, Megan Rush1, Stephanie McCoy1, John C. Garner2, Paul T. Donahue1. 1University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS. 2Troy University, Troy, AL.

BACKGROUND: Both vertical jump performance and body composition have been shown to distinguish between levels of competition in volleyball athletes. With previous investigations displaying relationships between body composition and vertical jump height using a range of instrumentation and prediction equations, limited data has been presented using gold standard measurements for both body composition and vertical jump performance. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationship between absolute and relative measures of body composition and vertical jump performance using gold standard measurements in a female athlete population.METHODS:14 female Division I collegiate volleyball athletes participated in this investigation (age 19.86 ± 0.86 years, height 180.61 ± 3.99 cm, body 69.93 ± 9.73 kg). Participants completed a standardized warm up prior to completing 3 countermovement jumps. Each jump was performed with a PVC dowel (<1.0 kg) placed across the upper back in a high bar squat position. All trials were separated by 30 seconds of rest. All jump trials were performed using a force platform, sampling at 1000 Hz. Body composition was analyzed through total body DXA scan. Absolute and relative measure of body composition were then calculated for the total body and lower extremity. All testing was performed within a one-week period at the conclusion of the competitive season. Pearson Product Moment Correlations were used to determine the relationship between jump performance and body composition measures. RESULTS: Significant large to very large (r = 0.5 - 0.9) positive relationships were seen between total body lean and fat mass, lower extremity lean and fat mass, and CMJ force and power. Significant large (r = 0.5 - 0.7) negative relationships were present between total body fat percentage, total fat mass and CMJ jump height. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support much of the previous literature that increases in mass, regardless of composition, creates increases in force and power production during the vertical jumping task. Additionally, it should be noted that the relationship strength stayed consistent when looking between total and lower extremity absolute values of lean and fat mass to force and power production.

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