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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Body composition may influence an individual's movement efficiency and performance outcomes. Lower body fat percentage may enable individuals, either sedentary or athletic, to perform movements more efficiently, while greater total lean mass may enhance performance in strength and power-related activities. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in collegiate football players’ total lean mass and body fat percentage, as well as movement quantity and quality measures from preseason to postseason. METHODS: Data from a larger study were analyzed for this project. Division 1 male football players (n= 72, 19.6 ± 1.4 yrs) from the 2023 season were included. They completed 3D movement analysis (DARI®) and whole body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic ® DXA) in the pre- and postseason. Movement analysis for range of motion and kinetic analysis were conducted utilizing upper and lower body segments consisting of shoulder abduction, shoulder horizontal abduction, shoulder internal/external rotation, shoulder flexion/extension, reverse lunge/w rotation, overhead squat, unilateral left/right squat, stork balance-eyes open, vertical jump, unilateral left/right vertical jump, lateral bound, and drop jump. Quantity and quality scores were computed via the proprietary algorithm of the system. Paired t-tests were performed to compare pre- to post-season changes in movement scores and body composition (IBM-SPSS, v29). RESULTS: Quality scores increased preseason to postseason (283 ± 36 to 324 ± 75; p < 0.001), while quantity scores tended to decrease (391 ± 93 to 373 ± 97; p = 0.128). Total body mass (98.9 ± 20.4 to 97.6 ± 19.1; p = 0.009), total lean mass (73.1 ± 9.8 to 72.6 ± 9.4; p = 0.031), and body fat percentage (19.5 ± 6.4 to 19.2 ± 6.1; p = 0.132) decreased from preseason to postseason. CONCLUSION: Improved movement efficiency and neuromuscular adaptations with in-season training regimens could be key influences on increased quality scores pre- to post-season. Decreased resistance training, increased energy expenditure, and insufficient recovery can display factors that contribute to the decreases from pre to postseason with quantity, total body, and lean mass changes.

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